Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) - French Polynesia (2002)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) z French Polynesia (2002)

	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)	French Polynesia (2002)

Administrative divisions	-	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 5 archipelagic divisions named Archipel des Marquises, Archipel des Tuamotu, Archipel des Tubuai, Iles du Vent, and Iles Sous-le-Vent note: Clipperton Island is administered by France from French Polynesia
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 29% (male 38,184; female 36,631) 15-64 years: 65.7% (male 88,250; female 81,165) 65 years and over: 5.3% (male 6,850; female 6,767) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	coconuts, vanilla, vegetables, fruits; poultry, beef, dairy products
Airports	-	45 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 37 over 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 22 under 914 m: 8 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 8 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 5 (2002)
Area	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of 11 islands	total: 4,167 sq km (118 islands and atolls) land: 3,660 sq km water: 507 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island	slightly less than one-third the size of Connecticut
Background	The islands, which have large bird and seal populations, lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 - except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. Recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.	The French annexed various Polynesian island groups during the 19th century. In September 1995, France stirred up widespread protests by resuming nuclear testing on the Mururoa atoll after a three-year moratorium. The tests were suspended in January 1996.
Birth rate	-	18.17 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $1 billion expenditures: $900 million, including capital expenditures of $185 million (1996) (1996)
Capital	-	Papeete
Climate	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow	tropical, but moderate
Coastline	NA km	2,525 km
Constitution	-	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none abbreviation: SGSSI	conventional long form: Territory of French Polynesia conventional short form: French Polynesia local long form: Territoire de la Polynesie Francaise local short form: Polynesie Francaise former: French Colony of Oceania
Currency	-	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003
Death rate	-	4.49 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II	overseas territory of France since 1946
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	$367 million (1997) (1997)
Economy - overview	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.	Since 1962, when France stationed military personnel in the region, French Polynesia has changed from a subsistence economy to one in which a high proportion of the work force is either employed by the military or supports the tourist industry. With the halt of French nuclear testing in 1996, the military contribution to the economy fell sharply. Tourism accounts for about one-fourth of GDP and is a primary source of hard currency earnings. Other sources of income are pearl farming and deep-sea commercial fishing. The small manufacturing sector primarily processes agricultural products. The territory substantially benefits from development agreements with France aimed principally at creating new businesses and strengthening social services.
Electricity - consumption	-	379.44 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	-	408 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 54% hydro: 46% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Orohena 2,241 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	-	Polynesian 78%, Chinese 12%, local French 6%, metropolitan French 4%
Exchange rates	-	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 135.04 (January 2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998), 106.11 (1997); note - pegged at the rate of 119.25 XPF to the euro
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner of the Republic Michel MATHIEU (since 24 October 2001) head of government: President of the Territorial Government of French Polynesia Gaston FLOSSE (since 4 April 1991); President of the Territorial Assembly Lucette TAERO (since 17 May 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers; president submits a list of members of the Territorial Assembly for approval by them to serve as ministers elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Government and the president of the Territorial Assembly are elected by the members of the assembly
Exports	-	$205 million f.o.b. (1999)
Exports - commodities	-	cultured pearls 50%, coconut products, mother-of-pearl, vanilla, shark meat (1997)
Exports - partners	-	Japan 62%, US 21% (1999)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)	two narrow red horizontal bands encase a wide white band; centered on the white band is a disk with blue and white wave pattern on the lower half and gold and white ray pattern on the upper half; a stylized red, blue and white ship rides on the wave pattern; the French flag is used for official occasions
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 6% industry: 18% services: 76% (1997)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	4% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	54 30 S, 37 00 W	15 00 S, 140 00 W
Geography - note	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia	includes five archipelagoes (4 volcanic, 1 coral); Makatea in French Polynesia is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Nauru
Highways	-	total: 792 km paved: 264 km unpaved: 528 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	-	$749 million f.o.b. (1999)
Imports - commodities	-	fuels, foodstuffs, equipment
Imports - partners	-	France 53%, US 13%, Australia 10% (1999)
Independence	-	none (overseas territory of France)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	tourism, pearls, agricultural processing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	-	8.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	1.5% (1994)
International organization participation	-	ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	0 sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Court of the First Instance or Tribunal de Premiere Instance; Court of Administrative Law or Tribunal Administratif
Labor force	-	70,000 (1996) (1996)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture 13%, industry 19%, services 68% (1997) (1997)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2005)	arable land: 1.64% permanent crops: 6.01% other: 92.35% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	French (official), Tahitian (official)
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court	based on French system
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Territorial Assembly or Assemblee Territoriale (49 seats - changed from 41 seats for May 2001 election; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 6 May 2001 (next to be held NA May 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - People's Rally for the Republic (Gaullist) 28, Independent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia 13, New Fatherland Party 7, other 1 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on NA September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; two seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, UMP 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 75.23 years male: 72.88 years female: 77.69 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 14 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 98% female: 98% (1977 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America	Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from South America to Australia
Map references	Antarctic Region	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,240 GRT/7,765 DWT ships by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2, refrigerated cargo 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	-	no regular indigenous military forces; French Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie
National holiday	-	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	-	noun: French Polynesian(s) adjective: French Polynesian
Natural hazards	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism	occasional cyclonic storms in January
Natural resources	fish	timber, fish, cobalt, hydropower
Net migration rate	-	3.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Independent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia (Tavini Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]; New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) [Emile VERNAUDON]; People's Rally for the Republic of Polynesia or RPR (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) [Gaston FLOSSE]; The New Star (Te Fetia Api) [Boris LEONTIEFF]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001 replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited	257,847 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	1.67% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Mataura, Papeete, Rikitea, Uturoa
Radio broadcast stations	0 (2003)	AM 2, FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios	-	128,000 (1997)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	-	Protestant 54%, Roman Catholic 30%, other 10%, no religion 6%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	52,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	5,427 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	0 (2003)	7 (plus 17 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes	mixture of rugged high islands and low islands with reefs
Total fertility rate	-	2.18 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	NA%
Waterways	-	none

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